what should your blood sugar be uk

Glycaemic Control and Blood Glucose Levels

Maintaining optimal blood glucose levels is crucial for overall health. Deviation from the ideal range can indicate various medical conditions requiring professional attention.

Blood Glucose Measurement and Interpretation

Blood glucose is typically measured in millimoles per litre (mmol/L) in the UK. Measurements are taken using various methods, including finger-prick tests and continuous glucose monitors (CGMs).

Interpreting Blood Glucose Levels

Target ranges for blood glucose levels vary depending on individual circumstances, including age, health status, and treatment plans. Consultation with a healthcare professional is essential for determining appropriate targets.

  • Fasting Blood Glucose: This measurement is taken after an overnight fast (typically 8-12 hours).
  • Random Blood Glucose: This measurement can be taken at any time of day, regardless of when the last meal was consumed.
  • HbA1c (Glycated Haemoglobin): This test provides an average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months. It reflects long-term glycaemic control.

Factors Affecting Blood Glucose Levels

Numerous factors influence blood glucose levels, including diet, physical activity, medication, stress, and underlying medical conditions such as diabetes.

Dietary Influence

Carbohydrate intake significantly impacts blood glucose levels. The glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) of foods provide insights into their effects on blood sugar.

Physical Activity

Regular exercise enhances insulin sensitivity and improves blood glucose control.

Medication

Various medications, including insulin and oral hypoglycaemic agents, are used to manage blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes.

Medical Conditions

Conditions such as diabetes, hypoglycaemia, and certain hormonal disorders can significantly affect blood glucose levels. Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial.

Seeking Medical Advice

Individuals concerned about their blood glucose levels should consult a healthcare professional for assessment, diagnosis, and appropriate management strategies. Self-treating based on general information is strongly discouraged.